The central scotoma on the left visual field was disappeared ( Figure 4B). mfERG showed improvement in both central regions, especially in the right eye ( Figure 3B). OCT showed the photoreceptor layer of both eyes was return to normal ( Figure 2B). At the same time, his BCVA improved to 1.0 in the right eye and 0.8 in the left. With 2mo follow-up, the patient complained that the scotoma was disappeared. The patient was advised to stop drug inhalation. Visual field testing showed normal on the 5 th day of the onset, while there was central scotoma of the left eye on the 17 th day, the other eye was normal (Humphrey 24-2 Figure 4A).Ī: Left central scotoma can be seen on the 17 th day of onset B: Left central scotoma almost disappeared 2mo later.
Multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) showed amplitude reduced at macular fovea of both eyes ( Figure 3A). Full-field electroretinography (ERG) showed normal. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed disruption of the ellipsoid zone confined to the fovea in both eyes ( Figure 2A). His pupil reactions and color vision (Farnsworth D-15 test) were normal. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.7 in the right eye and 0.5 in the left. Slit-lamp examination was unremarkable, with normal fundus ( Figure 1). He did not smoke or drink and had no significant past medical, ophthalmic or family history. After inhaling the rush poppers, he had multiple transient blurred visions, and the symptom did not disappear since his last inhalation of rush poppers 7d ago. He admitted to regular use (at least twice or 3 times per month) rush poppers for the previous 7y.
We obtained the written informed consent from the patient.Ī 37-year-old Chinese man presented with blurred vision and central scotoma in both eyes for 7d. Here we present, to our knowledge, the first reported case of poppers maculopathy in China. However, a global drug survey showed that 12% respondents who were using or had used poppers believed that the use of poppers may have or definitely affected their eyesight. It is previously considered that the risk of poppers is low both physically and psychologically. There are approximate 20% male homosexual using poppers to enhance sexual pleasure in our country. Inhalation of poppers provides a brief rush of euphoria, sexual arousal and relaxation of smooth muscles including the anal sphincter. “Rush” is a kind of poppers, which was born in the United States and has been in existence for more than 30y.
#Rush poppers series#
Poppers are a recreational substance of abuse which composes of a series of volatile alkyl nitrite. We present the first Chinese case of poppers maculopathy.
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